Attribute Sampling
Meaning ~ Metric for assessing shipment conformity by counting binary non-conformities against fixed acceptance thresholds to decide lot acceptance or rejection.
Major Defect Threshold
Meaning
Contractual specification limits define the maximum allowable percentage of functional or significant aesthetic flaws in a production lot before triggering rejection. Within acceptance quality limit standards, the major defect threshold establishes the boundary for non-conformities that impair product usability or reduce marketability without causing safety hazards. This limit governs batch acceptance, stopping at the point where defects present dangerous conditions that fall under critical defect thresholds.
Defect Classification
Quality manuals define major defects as flaws that render a product unfit for its intended purpose or cause noticeable customer dissatisfaction. When evaluating a sample, crossing the major defect threshold instantly classifies the entire batch as non-conforming. Examples include misaligned structural seams or non-functional zipper closures.
Rejection Trigger
Inspection reports tabulate major defects separately from minor or critical findings. Exceeding the major defect threshold gives the buyer direct authority to reject the shipment at the factory door. The supplier must then sort, repair, or replace the non-conforming goods prior to release.
Financial Liability
Purchase contracts link payment releases directly to passing major defect standards during pre-shipment checks. Crossing the major defect threshold triggers rework costs, re-inspection fees, and potential late delivery chargebacks against the manufacturer. Ambiguous defect definitions in quality tech packs increase the risk of commercial disputes over rejected lots.
ISO 2859-1
Meaning ~ Governs sampling schemes for lot-by-lot inspection by attributes to manage supplier quality levels through statistically derived acceptance limits.